燃煤發電廠濕法煙氣脫硫對脫硫塔的要求及工藝流程

燃煤發電廠濕法煙氣脫硫對脫硫塔的要求及工藝流程

一、燃煤發電廠濕法煙氣脫硫對脫硫塔的要求 

用于燃煤發電廠煙氣脫硫塔的大型脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)裝置(zhi)稱為(wei)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)塔(ta)，而用于燃煤工業鍋爐(lu)(lu)和窯爐(lu)(lu)煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)的小型脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)除(chu)塵裝置(zhi)多稱為(wei)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)塔(ta)除(chu)塵器。在脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)塔(ta)和脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)塵器中，應(ying)用堿液洗(xi)滌含SO2的煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)，對煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)中的SO2進行化學吸收。為(wei)了強化吸收過(guo)程，提高脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)效率，降低設(she)備的投(tou)資和運行費(fei)用，脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)塔(ta)和脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)除(chu)塵器應(ying)滿足以下的基本要求： 

（1）氣液間有較(jiao)大的接(jie)觸面(mian)積和(he)  一定的接(jie)觸時間； 

（2）氣液間擾(rao)動強烈，吸收阻力小，對SO2的吸收效率高； 

（3）操(cao)作穩定(ding)，要有合適的操(cao)作彈性； 

（4）氣(qi)流通過時的壓降要小(xiao)； 

（5）煙氣(qi)脫硫塔結(jie)構簡(jian)單，制造(zao)及維修(xiu)方(fang)便，造(zao)價低廉，使用壽命長； 

（6）不(bu)(bu)結垢，不(bu)(bu)堵塞，耐磨損，耐腐蝕(shi)； 

（7）能耗(hao)低，不產生二次污染(ran)。 

SO2吸(xi)(xi)收凈化(hua)(hua)過(guo)程(cheng)，處理(li)的是低(di)濃度(du)SO2煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)，煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)量相(xiang)(xiang)當可(ke)觀，要(yao)求瞬間內連續不斷地凈化(hua)(hua)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)。因而，SO2參加(jia)的化(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)應(ying)(ying)(ying)為極快反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)，它們的膜內轉化(hua)(hua)系數值較(jiao)大，反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)膜內發生，因此選用(yong)氣(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)為連續相(xiang)(xiang)、湍流程(cheng)度(du)高(gao)、相(xiang)(xiang)界面較(jiao)大的吸(xi)(xi)收塔(ta)(ta)(ta)作為脫硫(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)和脫硫(liu)除塵器(qi)比較(jiao)合適(shi)。通常，噴(pen)淋(lin)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、填料塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、噴(pen)霧塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、板式塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、文丘里吸(xi)(xi)收塔(ta)(ta)(ta)等能滿足這些(xie)要(yao)求。其中(zhong)，噴(pen)淋(lin)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是使用(yong)廣(guang)泛(fan)的脫硫(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)廠家類型(xing)之一(yi)，噴(pen)淋(lin)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)具有(you)(you)(you)結構簡(jian)單(dan)，工(gong)藝成熟可(ke)靠有(you)(you)(you)點，廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)于大型(xing)電廠，中(zhong)小型(xing)低(di)硫(liu)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)治理(li)；對(dui)于高(gao)硫(liu)煙(yan)(yan)氣(qi)治理(li)，目前有(you)(you)(you)色行業以氣(qi)動(dong)乳化(hua)(hua)脫硫(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、多層噴(pen)淋(lin)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)等為主。

河(he)北(bei)華強科技開發有(you)限公司燃煤發電廠濕(shi)法(fa)煙氣脫硫工藝流程(cheng)：

二、濕法脫硫工藝流程

煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)結構(gou)選型及防腐(fu)(fu)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇濕法脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)工藝主(zhu)要流程是：鍋爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)從引風(feng)機出口(kou)(kou)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)接口(kou)(kou)進(jin)(jin)人煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(FGD)系(xi)統。在(zai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)人脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)之前，通過(guo)(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)加(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(GGH)，將煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)量傳輸給吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)出口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，使吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)人口(kou)(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)降低(di)，有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)安(an)全運行(xing)，同時吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)出口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)潔煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)則由(you)GGH 升(sheng)溫(wen)換熱(re)(re)，使煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)度升(sheng)高，有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)排(pai)放(fang)。經過(guo)(guo)GGH 加(jia)熱(re)(re)器(qi)加(jia)熱(re)(re)后(hou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)度一般在(zai)80 C左(zuo)右(you)(you)，可使煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)出口(kou)(kou)處(chu)達到更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴(kuo)散條件和(he)避免(mian)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形成(cheng)白霧(wu)。GGH 之前設(she)增(zeng)壓(ya)風(feng)機， 以克服(fu)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力，加(jia)熱(re)(re)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)潔煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)靠增(zeng)壓(ya)風(feng)機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳送排(pai)人煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)。在(zai)鍋爐(lu)啟動(dong)過(guo)(guo)程或(huo)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)裝置因故障而解列時，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可不進(jin)(jin)人脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)裝置，而通過(guo)(guo)旁(pang)路煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)道(dao)(dao)進(jin)(jin)人煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)排(pai)向大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響：煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)經過(guo)(guo)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)后(hou)，雖然進(jin)(jin)人煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二氧化硫(liu)(liu)(liu)含(han)量大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減少，但是，由(you)于(yu)經濕法脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)后(hou)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)濕度增(zeng)加(jia)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)度降低(di)，極易(yi)在(zai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內壁結露形成(cheng)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)性很(hen)(hen)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酸液。調查發(fa)現，脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)以下特點：水(shui)分(fen)含(han)量高，濕度很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)；溫(wen)度低(di)，一般在(zai)80 C左(zuo)右(you)(you)；含(han)有(you)(you)低(di)溫(wen)氟化物和(he)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)酸，對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)結構(gou)有(you)(you)很(hen)(hen)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)性；酸液的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃度低(di)。由(you)于(yu)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)內煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上述特點，對煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)(cong)設(she)計有(you)(you)如(ru)下影(ying)響：

煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣濕度(du)(du)(du)大，在(zai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣壓力和(he)濕度(du)(du)(du)梯度(du)(du)(du)的雙重作用下，使煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)內側結構致密度(du)(du)(du)差的材(cai)料易遭到腐(fu)(fu)蝕，影響結構耐久性。低濃度(du)(du)(du)酸(suan)液比(bi)高濃度(du)(du)(du)酸(suan)液的腐(fu)(fu)蝕性更強。酸(suan)液的溫度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)40～80 C時(shi)，對結構材(cai)料的腐(fu)(fu)蝕性更強。以鋼材(cai)為例，40~80 C時(shi)的腐(fu)(fu)蝕速(su)度(du)(du)(du)比(bi)在(zai)其(qi)它溫度(du)(du)(du)時(shi)高出約3～8倍。由此可知(zhi)，排放脫(tuo)硫塔煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)比(bi)排放普通煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)囪(cong)對防腐(fu)(fu)材(cai)料設計要求更高.

以上是河北華強(qiang)科技(ji)開發(fa)有(you)限公司(si)專業技(ji)術人員為您詳(xiang)解的燃煤發(fa)電廠(chang)濕法(fa)煙氣脫(tuo)(tuo)硫對(dui)脫(tuo)(tuo)硫塔的要求及工藝流程(cheng)，希望對(dui)您有(you)所幫助，如果您有(you)這(zhe)方面的需求請聯系我們或來直接(jie)廠(chang)參觀(guan)訂(ding)購，總經(jing)理及全體(ti)員工熱忱歡迎您的到來！