煙氣脫硫塔的基本原理及運轉作用

煙氣脫硫塔的基本原理及運轉作用

一、煙氣脫硫塔的基本原理

煙氣脫硫塔化學原理：

煙(yan)氣中的(de)SO2實質(zhi)上(shang)是(shi)酸(suan)性的(de)，可以通過與適當(dang)的(de)堿性物(wu)質(zhi)反應(ying)從煙(yan)氣中脫除(chu)煙(yan)道(dao)氣脫最常用的(de)堿性物(wu)質(zhi)是(shi)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)石(shi)碳(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)生(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)氧(yang)化(hua)鈣(gai)，Cao)和(he)熟石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)氫氧(yang)化(hua)鈣(gai)。灰(hui)(hui)石(shi)產量豐富，因而相對(dui)便(bian)宜，生(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)和(he)熟石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)都(dou)是(shi)由石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)石(shi)通過加熱來制取。有時(shi)也用碳(tan)酸(suan)納純堿碳(tan)酸(suan)鎂(mei)和(he)氨等其它(ta)堿性物(wu)質(zhi)。所用的(de)堿性物(wu)質(zhi)與煙(yan)道(dao)氣中的(de)SO2發(fa)生(sheng)反應(ying)，產生(sheng)了一種亞硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)和(he)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)的(de)混合物(wu)根據所用的(de)堿性物(wu)質(zhi)不同，這些(xie)鹽(yan)(yan)可能是(shi)鈣(gai)鹽(yan)(yan)、鈉(na)鹽(yan)(yan)、鎂(mei)鹽(yan)(yan)或(huo)(huo)銨(an)鹽(yan)(yan)。亞硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)和(he)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)間的(de)比率取決于工(gong)藝條件，在某(mou)些(xie)工(gong)藝中，所有亞硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)都(dou)轉(zhuan)化(hua)成了硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)。與堿性物(wu)質(zhi)間的(de)反應(ying)或(huo)(huo)在堿溶液中發(fa)生(sheng)濕法(fa)煙(yan)道(dao)氣脫硫(liu)(liu)技(ji)術，或(huo)(huo)在固體堿性物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)濕潤表(biao)面發(fa)生(sheng)干法(fa)或(huo)(huo)半干法(fa)煙(yan)道(dao)氣脫硫(liu)(liu)技(ji)術。

在(zai)(zai)(zai)濕法煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)硫系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)通常是(shi)(shi)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)，更多(duo)情況(kuang)是(shi)(shi)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)漿液(ye)(ye)與(yu)煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)噴(pen)霧(wu)塔中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)相遇。煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)So2溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形成(cheng)(cheng)一種(zhong)(zhong)稀酸(suan)(suan)(suan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)，然(ran)后與(yu)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解在(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)發生(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和反(fan)應(ying)。反(fan)應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)亞硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)和硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)從水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)析出，析出情況(kuang)取決于溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)鹽(yan)的(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。例如(ru)，硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈣(gai)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)相對(dui)較差，因而易于析出。硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)納和硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)銨的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)則好得多(duo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)干法和半干法煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)硫系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，固體堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)吸(xi)收(shou)劑(ji)或使煙(yan)氣(qi)(qi)穿過堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)吸(xi)收(shou)劑(ji)床噴(pen)入煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)流中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，使其與(yu)煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)相接觸(chu)。無(wu)論哪(na)種(zhong)(zhong)情況(kuang)，都是(shi)(shi)與(yu)固體堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)直接反(fan)應(ying)，生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)亞硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)和硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)。為了使這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)反(fan)應(ying)能夠進行，固體堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)必須是(shi)(shi)十分疏松或相當細碎。在(zai)(zai)(zai)半干法煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)硫系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，水(shui)(shui)被加入到煙(yan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以在(zai)(zai)(zai)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)顆粒(li)物(wu)(wu)(wu)表面形成(cheng)(cheng)一層液(ye)(ye)膜，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)入液(ye)(ye)膜，加速(su)了與(yu)固體堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)。

河(he)北華強科技開發有限公司煙氣脫硫塔(ta)技術工藝：

二、煙氣脫硫設備的運轉作用

煙氣脫(tuo)硫(liu)設備濾(lv)袋簡(jian)略堵塞(sai)，啟動時(shi)的(de)煙氣含有適(shi)當數(shu)量(liang)的(de)水汽(qi)和其他可冷凝(ning)氣體(ti)而且(qie)燃料的(de)燃燒(shao)也不完(wan)全，溫度將會低(di)于露點溫度。預噴涂將在(zai)濾(lv)料表面覆上一(yi)個灰層(氫氧化鈣)，防止由于水汽(qi)而導致堵塞(sai)，預噴涂時(shi)，鍋爐須離線(xian)。

假設供(gong)熱(re)鍋爐在(zai)暖季(ji)中止工作，在(zai)停動(dong)后有必(bi)要對(dui)濾袋再一次進(jin)行預噴(pen)涂(tu)。

工作效果

1、煙(yan)氣脫硫設備(bei)各(ge)(ge)灰斗(dou)進風口前設置的(de)風量調節閥和(he)灰斗(dou)導流板技(ji)術處(chu)理了一般袋式除塵器常發(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)各(ge)(ge)分室氣流不均勻、除塵器工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)阻(zu)力(li)偏高的(de)現(xian)象，工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)阻(zu)力(li)根本控(kong)制(zhi)在1200Pa以下(xia)。

2、 灰(hui)斗卸灰(hui)口規劃的電動星(xing)形(xing)卸灰(hui)閥和灰(hui)斗下部的空(kong)氣炮以及應急捅灰(hui)孔，充(chong)分滿意了卸灰(hui)要求(qiu)。

3、 煙氣脫(tuo)硫(liu)設備(bei)凈氣出口(kou)含塵濃度(du)約為10mg/m3，滿意氣體排放濃度(du)小于15mg/m3的要(yao)求。

以上是河北(bei)華強科技開發(fa)有(you)限公司專(zhuan)業技術人員為您(nin)(nin)(nin)詳解的煙氣脫硫塔的基(ji)本原理(li)及運轉(zhuan)作用，希望(wang)對您(nin)(nin)(nin)有(you)所幫助，如(ru)果(guo)您(nin)(nin)(nin)有(you)這方面的需求請(qing)聯(lian)系我們或來直(zhi)接廠參觀訂購，總經理(li)及全(quan)體員工熱忱歡迎(ying)您(nin)(nin)(nin)的到來！